9 Reasons Your Feet Are Always Cold

Always have cold feet, but in the literal sense? Understandable when it's wintertime, but perhaps you deal with icy toes year-round, and the nippy weather only deepens the chill.

There are several things that may cause cold feet: Sometimes the case is benign (it's just your own body's physiology), while other times there may be underlying medical reasons that are important to get checked out.

If you're wondering why your feet are always cold, here's what may be behind the freeze.

Cold feet are just a fact of life for some people, according to Harvard Health Publishing. Though there's no specific "cold feet gene," some researchers do think it's an inherited trait.

​Fix it:​ Slippers and warm socks are always a good idea, but there are things you can do beyond that to warm up your toes.

First, get active. "You can try moving your feet and legs back and forth to help recirculate blood in your extremities," Nicholas Pantaleo, MD, internist and family medicine physician at Westmed Medical Group in Westchester, New York, tells LIVESTRONG.com.

You can also stimulate circulation by massaging your feet or clenching and unclenching your toes.

Yes, this sounds entirely like a forehead-slapping response, but there's a pretty neat reason for it: "Cold feet can occur in winter when the body decreases blood flow to the area," Dr. Pantaleo says. "This is more common in colder months when the body tries to keep the rest of itself warm while decreasing heat loss through the feet."

​Fix it:​ Wearing extra-thick socks can help you fight the freeze in this case.

Iron and vitamin B12 are two nutrients necessary for proper blood circulation. Iron is a component of hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells responsible for ferrying oxygen in the body, while B12 is needed for red blood cell formation. A deficiency in either can contribute to cold feet, Dr. Pantaleo says. You may also notice numbness and tingling in the feet if you're lacking in B12, according to Harvard Health Publishing.

Those at particular risk of running low on iron (a condition called iron-deficiency anemia) include people who are pregnant or who experience heavy periods, as well as those with GI diseases like celiac or ulcerative colitis, per the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

B12 deficiency is more likely in people with digestive diseases, vegetarians and those who are pregnant or lactating.

Other symptoms of iron-deficiency anemia, per the Mayo Clinic, include:

• Feeling extremely tired
• Feeling weak
• Pale skin
• Shortness of breath
• Rapid heartbeat or chest pain
• Headache
• Feeling dizzy or lightheaded
• Inflamed or sore tongue
• Brittle nails
• Poor appetite
• Cravings for non-food items, such as dirt

Symptoms of low B12 include:

• Feeling tired or weak
• Trouble thinking or remembering
• Difficulty walking or balancing
• Blurry vision
• Swollen or sore tongue
• Numbness or tingling in the fingers or toes

​Fix it:​ Most of the time, a nutrient deficiency can be treated easily through diet changes and/or taking supplements. If you think you're low on B12 or iron, talk to your doctor, who can help you find healthy ways to get your levels up.

If there's not enough blood flow getting to your feet, they may always feel cold.

Some diseases that can cause poor circulation, Dr. Pantaleo says, include:

• Diabetes
• Obesity
• Raynaud's syndrome, a condition that causes blood vessels to spasm

One sign there's a problem with your circulation: Your skin may change color, he says. For instance, in Raynaud's, fingers and toes can change to white or blue in response to this lack of blood flow, per the Arthritis Foundation.

​Fix it:​ Treatment with medications like calcium channel blockers may be recommended to keep blood vessels open if you're diagnosed with Raynaud's. If you have diabetes or obesity, talk to your doctor about the best cold feet remedies.

Poor blood sugar control can lead to nerve damage called diabetic neuropathy. You might also experience numbness and tingling, Dr. Pantaleo says. That's because these damaged nerves stop sending messages to certain parts of your body, per the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Diabetes statistics show that about half of people with the condition also have nerve damage.

​Fix it:​ If you have diabetes, you'll want to work with your doctor to manage your blood sugar, Dr. Pantaleo says.

One of the hallmark symptoms of an underactive thyroid (called hypothyroidism) is being intolerant to the cold — something that can make you feel as if your feet are perpetually chilly.

Essentially, feeling frigid is a result of your body generally slowing down, notes the American Thyroid Association. Other symptoms include:

• Dry skin
• Forgetfulness
• Depression
• Constipation

​Fix it:​ If your doctor suspects a thyroid condition is causing your cold feet, they can order blood tests to check your thyroid function, then prescribe appropriate treatment.

Beta-blockers are sometimes prescribed to treat high blood pressure, according to the Mayo Clinic. These medications work by slowing down the heart. "When this occurs, it can affect the circulation in the body, especially to extremities like hands and feet," Dr. Pantaleo says.

Cold hands and feet, fatigue and weight gain are common side effects of beta-blockers.

​Fix it:​ If your symptoms are bothersome, continue taking your medication as prescribed and talk to your doctor about other medication options or the best way to deal with this side effect.

A couple of things happen when you're under stress or dealing with anxiety: The fight-or-flight response directs blood flow away from hands and feet and into vital organs (to help you flee, if necessary), per the Cleveland Clinic.

You might also start to sweat, and this naturally cools down your body.

​Fix it:​ While this isn't dangerous, it's certainly important to understand how your body reacts to stress and consider if you need to develop stress-management strategies that work better for you.

Smoking can make you prone to cold feet, Dr. Pantaleo says. Lighting up constricts blood vessels, which can cause toes (and fingers) to be generally cold.

Smoking is also linked to the development of a condition called Buerger's disease, which is where clots form in blood vessels that restrict blood flow to certain areas, according to the CDC. Tobacco irritates blood vessels, setting the stage for this inflammatory cascade. Hands and feet may feel cold, have a burning sensation, tingle or be painful.

​Fix it:​ The only way to prevent or stop problems from Buerger's, such as tissue damage and pain, is to stop smoking.

As noted above, you should work with a doctor if your cold feet are related to a medication, health problem or nutrient deficiency.

You should also seek medical help immediately if the color of your feet or toes change, Dr. Pantaleo says.